Road to Success
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3.a What is a Development Partner (DP)?
In the context of Afghanistan, development partner and donor are interchangeable terms that refer to countries or organizations that provide aid to Afghanistan and assist in the reconstruction and development of the country. They provide aid in the form of monetary or in kind assistance to the recipient (which can be a country or an organization)
In-kind contributions can be in the form ofphysical or legal persons, typically for charitablepurposes and/or to benefit a cause. Alternatively it can be donations invarious forms, including cash, services, new or used goods including clothingand foodor items. It also may consist of emergency, relief or humanitarian aiditems, development aid support, and can also relate to medical care needs as i.e. bloodor organsfor transplant. Donorsprovide assistance to recipients without expectation of such assistance being returned (except in the case of loans).
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3.b What istheJoint Coordination and Monitoring Board (JCMB)?
JCMB was established in accordance with an agreement between the Afghan Government and the international community for overall strategic coordination on implementation of the Afghanistan Compact endorsed at the London Conference in 2006. JCMB provides a platform for strategic coordination, joint policy formulation and problem solving in Afghanistan. It ensures the mutual accountability of the government and its development partners. It is co-chaired by Senior Minister (Head of the Government Coordinating Committee (GCC) from GoIRA and the Special Representative of the Secretary General (SRSG) in UNAMA, and is held at the senior level between government and its development partners.
The GoIRA approved the Afghanistan National Development Strategy (ANDS) in April 2008, which was supported by donors at the Paris Donor Conference in June 2008. One of the most important conclusions from this conference was to support Government’s efforts to increase ownership in implementing the ANDS. With respect to this, the Government and its development partners agreed to reorganize its coordination mechanism. Previously, this coordination structure was based on the Consultative Groups (CGs, WGs) and it proved to be effective in supporting the ANDS preparation. However, the Government and donors decided to reorganize it to allow for greater Government ownership in implementing the ANDS. In line with this, the revised coordination structure is based on:
a) periodical JCMB meetings;
b) three standing committees and
c) a High Level Committee on Aid Effectiveness.
The organisational structure can seen below:
JCMB
Govt. Coordination
Committee
Inter Ministerial
Committees
Standing Committee on
Social & Economic
Development
Standing Committee on
Security
Standing Committee on
Good Governance, Rule of Law
& Human Rights
High Level Committee on Aid Effectiveness
High Level Committee on
Aid effectiveness
Ad hoc Forums for Donor Coordination by Sector
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3.d What is the High Level Committee on Aid Effectiveness (HLCAE)?
HLCAE is formed under Standing Committee for Social and Economic development to discuss strategic issues related to aid coordination and aid effectiveness on a regular basis. The HLCAE is a successor of the Aid Effectiveness Working Group, which was established under the ANDS consultation mechanism.This is the platform where the government and its development partners meet to review the aid coordination and aid effectiveness agenda in Afghanistan and decide on policies and strategies for strengthening government-donor partnership, based on the principles of transparency and mutual accountability. HLCAE is co-chaired by Minister/Deputy Minister of Finance and a Senior Official from UNAMA. HLCAE consists of the following members:
- http://portal/portal/templates/ja_purity/images/bullet.gif); line-height: 19px; background-position: 18px 8px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">Ministry of Finance (co-chair)
- http://portal/portal/templates/ja_purity/images/bullet.gif); line-height: 19px; background-position: 18px 8px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">UNAMA (co-chair)
- http://portal/portal/templates/ja_purity/images/bullet.gif); line-height: 19px; background-position: 18px 8px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">Ministry of Economy
- http://portal/portal/templates/ja_purity/images/bullet.gif); line-height: 19px; background-position: 18px 8px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">Representatives of development partners (Heads/Deputy Heads of the Development agencies/departments)
- http://portal/portal/templates/ja_purity/images/bullet.gif); line-height: 19px; background-position: 18px 8px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">A representative from Civil Society
The following is the scope of HLCAE’s activities:
- http://portal/portal/templates/ja_purity/images/bullet.gif); line-height: 19px; background-position: 18px 8px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">To discuss and recommend how to improve implementation of the Government’s Aid Policy, especially in the area of strengthening of the Government ownership, aid effectiveness/coordination and the ANDS implementation;
- http://portal/portal/templates/ja_purity/images/bullet.gif); line-height: 19px; background-position: 18px 8px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">To ensure alignment of development assistance with the ANDS sector priorities.
- http://portal/portal/templates/ja_purity/images/bullet.gif); line-height: 19px; background-position: 18px 8px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">To ensure Afghanization and implantation of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, Accra Agenda for Action and other international treaties on Aid Effectiveness .
- http://portal/portal/templates/ja_purity/images/bullet.gif); line-height: 19px; background-position: 18px 8px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">To enhance transparency and mutual accountability by improving the quality of information on development assistance.
- http://portal/portal/templates/ja_purity/images/bullet.gif); line-height: 19px; background-position: 18px 8px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">To support Budget process as a policy tool to enhance alignment with the government priorities
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3.c What are Standing Committees?
Three Standing committees on 1) Security, 2) Governance, Rule of Law and Human Rights and 3) Social and Economic Development are formed under JCMB to discuss and make decisions on the most important issues related to respective areas. Among them the Standing Committee on Social and Economic Development is the committee where issues related to Aid Coordination and Aid Effectiveness are discussed. It is co-chaired by Minister of Finance and SRSG/DSRSG. These co-chairs are the permanent members of the standing committees, and invite participants on the basis of the topic under discussion. The JCMB will be informed of decisions made by the Standing Committees and ask to endorse them.
There may be a need to set up a limited number of specific task forces that report to the Standing Committees on priority issues. Any task forces that are set up will be ad hoc, with specific time frames and terms of reference provided for them by the Standing Committees. The JCMB secretariat organizes the meetings of the JCMB, as well as the three standing committees.The meetings are held on an ad hoc basis where relevant Ministers/Deputy Ministers from government and ambassadors/directors of IFIs participate and take decisions on strategies and policies to enhance social and economic development and aid effectiveness. Given that the aid effectiveness and aid coordination are cross-cutting issues, they will also periodically be discussed by other standing committees within the JCMB structure.
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3.e What is the Development Cooperation Dialogue (DCD)
The DCDs are dialogues between the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GoIRA) and development partners. They were previously called Donor Financial Reviews (DFR) until 2009. The DFRs were initiated in 1385 (2006-2007) to provide a clear picture to the Afghan people and the international community of ODA flows into the country, and to move Afghanistan and development partners towards greater transparency and accountability in aid management. The DFR was also a vital planning tool for GoA to accurately forecast ODA flows and provide crucial data for the formulation of the National Budget. As such, the DFR formed an integral part of the annual budget cycle and supported GoA’s goal to successfully implement the Afghanistan National Development Strategy (ANDS).
Following on from the Kabul Conference in July 2010, and with increased international and domestic interest in aid effectiveness, the DFR assumed an even greater role in effective aid management in Afghanistan. Therefore GoIRA decided to further improve the DFR process and to make this exercise the main vehicle for dialogue on aid effectiveness and greater alignment with national priorities. Based on this increased scope of DFR, we changed the name of DFR to DCD. The DCDsare a process which will help both GoIRA and its development partners to work in close collaboration and improved partnership to maximize the impact and effects of development assistance in Afghanistan. The DCD is the platform for dialogue on assessing the progress on the commitments of the Kabul Conference. We expect that these dialogues will help us maximizing alignment with Afghan priorities and increasing the public awareness on the role and impact of development assistance in the process of rehabilitation and development in Afghanistan.